An introduction to medical botany by Thomas Castle

Author:Thomas Castle
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Published: 1829-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

a sWgVit ba-t cannot be ;ee one ^itb

e. \t.flote8cence, ' Aire or tttotc

Medical Properties: —The Aconitum Napellus is narcotic, sudorific, and deobstraent; tlie Delphinam Stapbisa-gria and Hellebores, cathartic, emmanagogae and vermifage; and the Rata Graveolens, tonic and antispasmodic.

ORDER XXVII.—RHCEADEiE.

Tlie order in question, is constituted by the poppy tribe, and a few other genera of plants. Paparer Rhoeas. Papaver Somnifernm.

With these two plants, the natural characters and medical virtues are very similar.

Natural Characters: —Roots,fibrous; stems, erect,smooth, or rough; leaves, sessile, pinnatifid, obtuse; corolla, four-petalled; calyx, two-leared; stamens, polyandrous; pistil, one; and seed-vessel, a capsule of one cell.

Medical Properties: —The flowers of the first, are used for coloring, and the dried juice of the last, constitutes opium. The capsules, however, of both are considered sedative and anodyne.

ORDER XXVIII.— LURID^.

An order of plants whose pale and gloomy appearance, indicate their baneful and noxious qualities.

Atropa Belladonna. Hyoscyamus Niger.

Capsicum Annuum. Nicotiana Tabacum.

Datura Stramonium. Solanum Dulcamara.

Digitalis Purpurea. Strycbnos Nux Vomica.

I2

roost uniform orders in the s^eto^, dical species being inore or less poisonous*

Natural Char cuter: — Root, principally fibroas ; stem iCt or climbing; leaves oTate, andalated, entire; corolla^

ll-8haped,fannel-shaped, or tubular, aometimes fiye-cleft;

imens five or didynamous ; pistil one; the seed-Tesael, a

■rry or capsule, generally two-celled.

Medienl Propertiesi-—The whole set ai^ more or less, arcotic, diaretic, diaphoretic, sedatiTe and anodyne.

ORDER XXIX.—CAMPANACEiE.

An order consisting of plants with caMp€Mulat€ or bell -shaped flowers.

Convolvulus Jalapa. Conrolvulut Scanmonia.

These plants have large juicy roots, which send up many twining slender stems; the leaves in the former varyhig, in the latter arrow-shaped ; corolla bell-shaped, plaited; calyx differing ; stamens five; pistil one; and the 8eed> vessel a capsule. In Medical Properties they are both purgative and hydragogue.

The three plants here mentioned, have of

conrse, the common generic characters, and also

agree in their jiroperties and habits.

Natural Characters: <-The root and stems are arbores-cent; leaves differing; inflorescence in large, terminal, leafy panicles; corolla funnel-vshaped, plaited; calyx, somewhat globular and fire-tootbed ; stamens five; pistil one; capsule inferior and two-celled. In Medical Properties they are tonic, astringent,-stomachic and febrifuge.

ORDER XXXI.—VEPRECUL«.

Derived from veprecula or little bridr, and consisting of plants resembling the daphne.

Daphne Mezerenm. An ornamental shrub with a fibtous root; leaves lanceolate, sessile, entire, smooth ; corollamonopetalous, tubular; four-cleft; calyx none; stamens eight; pistil one; fruit, a pulpy drupe containing one round seed. In small quantities it is diaphoretic and stimulant, and in large doses emetic.

ORDER XXXII.—PAPIUONACEiB.

An extensive and very natural assemblage of plants, having papilionaceous or butter>fly shaped flowers.

Astragalus Verns. Pterocarpus Erinacea.

Oolichos Prurlens. Pterocarpus Santalinus.

- Geofiraea Inermis. Spartium Scopariam. Glycyrrhiza Glabra. —

jnd, however, to bear snuu « «. ^

rmity.

Natural Characters .•—Roots and ttems indefinite; leares mate, pinnate, ovate; corolla papilionaceoaa; calyx, liefly flye-toothed; stamens diadelphoas; the firuit a gnmeora drupe.

Medical Propertiegc—The Astragalus Verns, and Gly-frrhiza Glabra, are demulcent; the Dolichos Pmriens, nd Geoffraea Inermis, anthelmintic; the two Pterocarpi, stringent; and the Spartium Scoparium, astringent and inretic.

ORDER XXXIII.—LOMENTACEJE.

An order named from lomentum, a colour used by painters, because some of its plants are employed In the art of dyeing.

Acacia Catechu. Haematoxylon Campechianom.

Acacia Vera. Myroxylon Peruiferum.

Cassia Fistula. Polygala Senega.

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